【Spring Boot WebFlux】极速入门

谁践踏了优雅 2021-09-29 08:48 399阅读 0赞

### WebFlux是什么？ ###

WebFlux是一个典型非阻塞异步的框架，它的核心是基于Reactor的相关API实现的。相对于传统的web框架来说，它可以运行在诸如Netty，Undertow及支持Servlet3.1的容器上，因此它的运行环境的可选择行要比传统web框架多的多。

根据官方的说法，webflux主要在如下两方面体现出独有的优势：

1）非阻塞式

其实在servlet3.1提供了非阻塞的API，WebFlux提供了一种比其更完美的解决方案。使用非阻塞的方式可以利用较小的线程或硬件资源来处理并发进而提高其可伸缩性

2) 函数式编程端点

老生常谈的编程方式了，Spring5必须让你使用java8，那么函数式编程就是java8重要的特点之一，而WebFlux支持函数式编程来定义路由端点处理请求。

### 代码 ###

1.  新建springboot工程
2.  修改pom文件
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
            <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
            <parent>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
                <relativePath/> 
            </parent>
            <groupId>com.chen</groupId>
            <artifactId>webflux-demo1</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <name>webflux-demo1</name>
            <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
        
            <properties>
                <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            </properties>
        
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
                </dependency>
        
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                    <scope>test</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>io.projectreactor</groupId>
                    <artifactId>reactor-test</artifactId>
                    <scope>test</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        
            <build>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>
        
        </project>
3.  新建CityHandler
    
        package com.chen.webfluxdemo1.handler;
        
        import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
        import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserters;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;
        import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
        
        @Component
        public class CityHandler {
        
            public Mono<ServerResponse> helloCity(ServerRequest request){
                return ServerResponse.ok().contentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
                        .body(BodyInserters.fromObject("Hello,City!"));
            }
        }
4.  新建CityRouter
    
        package com.chen.webfluxdemo1.router;
        
        import com.chen.webfluxdemo1.handler.CityHandler;
        import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
        import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
        import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RequestPredicates;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunction;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunctions;
        import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;
        
        @Configuration
        public class CityRouter {
        
            @Bean
            public RouterFunction<ServerResponse> routeCity(CityHandler cityHandler) {
                return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.GET("/hello")
                        .and(RequestPredicates.accept(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)), cityHandler::helloCity);
            }
        }
5.  启动application  
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