二十个 IntelliJ IDEA 实用配置（含类和方法注释模板）

﹏ヽ暗。殇╰゛Y 2021-09-21 12:06 373阅读 0赞

欲善其事，必先利其器，本文将讲述IDEA 2020.2版本的一些基本配置，包括主题、编码、字体，包括类和方法注释模板配置讲解。

*   *   *  1、主题
         *  2、JDK
         *  3、字体大小、样式（两种方法，看自己喜好）
         *  4、编码格式UTF-8
         *  5、智能提示不区分大小写
         *  6、关闭自动更新
         *  7、隐藏无关文件
         *  8、设置默认浏览器
         *  9、Git配置
         *  10、自动导包
         *  11、鼠标悬浮提示
         *  12、maven配置
         *  13、自动编译（热部署）
         *  14、多行显示文件标签
         *  15、修改注释风格
         *  16、给选中内容添加双引号
         *  17、取消双击shift弹出全局搜索框
         *  18、内存优化
         *  19、类注释模板
         *  20、方法注释模板

### 1、主题 ###

> File --> Settings --> Appearance & Behavior --> Appearance

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 2、JDK ###

> File --> Project Structure --> SDKs

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

> File --> Project Structure --> Project

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

### 3、字体大小、样式（两种方法，看自己喜好） ###

> 1.  固定字体大小：File --> Settings --> Editor --> General --> Font

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

> 1.  使用Ctrl+鼠标滚轮修改代码字体大小：File --> Settings --> Editor --> General

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 4、编码格式UTF-8 ###

> File --> Settings --> Editor --> File Encodings

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

### 5、智能提示不区分大小写 ###

> File --> settings --> Editor --> General --> Code Completion

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

### 6、关闭自动更新 ###

> File --> Settings --> Appearance & Behavior --> System Settings --> Updates

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

### 7、隐藏无关文件 ###

> File --> Settings --> Editor --> File Types
> 
> 【Ignore files and folders】 一栏添加 .idea;.iml;

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

### 8、设置默认浏览器 ###

> File --> Tools --> Web Browsers

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

### 9、Git配置 ###

> File --> Setting --> Version Control --> Git

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

### 10、自动导包 ###

> Settings --> Editor --> General --> Auto Import

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

### 11、鼠标悬浮提示 ###

> File --> Editor --> Code Completion

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

### 12、maven配置 ###

> File --> Settings --> Build,Execution,Deployment --> Build Tools --> Maven

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

> File --> Settings --> Build,Execution,Deployment --> Build Tools --> Maven --> Runner
> 
> VM Options中添加：-DarchetypeCatalog=internal

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

### 13、自动编译（热部署） ###

> File --> Settings --> Build,Execution,Deployment

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

### 14、多行显示文件标签 ###

> File --> Settings --> Editor --> Editor Tabs

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

### 15、修改注释风格 ###

> File --> Settings --> Editor --> Code Style --> Java --> Code Generation

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

### 16、给选中内容添加双引号 ###

> File --> Setting > Editor > General > Smart Keys

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

### 17、取消双击shift弹出全局搜索框 ###

> ctrl+shift+a --> 输入registry，回车

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

### 18、内存优化 ###

> IDEA默认启动配置主要考虑低配置的用户，参数设置的不高，导致启动慢运行也不流畅，这里我们需要优化下启动和运行配置。
> 
> 找到idea的安装目录，找到bin文件夹里面的idea64.exe.vmoptions文件，打开编辑：
> 
> 参数说明：
> 
>  *  \-Xms 是最小启动内存参数
>  *  \-Xmx 是最大运行内存参数
>  *  \-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize 保留代码占用的内存容量参数

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

建议8G内存的改为：

-Xms512m
    -Xmx1024m
    -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=300m

16G内存的改为：

-Xms1024m
    -Xmx2048m
    -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=500m

### 19、类注释模板 ###

> File --> Settings --> Editor --> File and Code Templates --> Files --> Class

*  类模板

/**
     *
     * @ClassName: ${NAME}
     * @Description: TODO
     * @Author ONESTAR
     * @Date: ${DATE} ${TIME}
     * @QQ群：530311074
     * @URL：https://onestar.newstar.net.cn/
     * @Version 1.0
     */
    public class ${NAME} {
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

*  效果图

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

### 20、方法注释模板 ###

> 1.  创建分组：File --> Settings --> Editor --> Live Templates

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][]

> 1.  创建模板：选中刚刚创建的分组，点击右边的加号，选择Live Template，创建一个模板，如下：
>     
>      *  Abbreviation：填模板的缩写，可以使用\*号作为代号，方便后面调用模板。
>      *  Description：模板描述
>      *  Options→Expand with：填注释模板的扩展快捷键，根据使用习惯，这里使用默认的Tab，勾选下面选项。
>      *  Template text：填写注释模板的内容。参数名使用$\{参数名\}$的格式。模板如下

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

方法注释模板：

**
     * @description TODO
     * @author $user$
     * @date $year$$month$$date$ $time$
     $param$
     * @throws $return$
     */

> 1.  点击模板页面最下方的警告define，来设置将模板应用于哪些场景，选择Everywhere-->Java即可，再点击Edit variables,会读取刚刚在注释模板中的配置的参数$\{参数名\}$。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

> 1.  在Expression的下拉框中选择方法为其赋值

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 25][]

param和return填入如下：

param：

groovyScript("def result=''; def params=\"${_1}\".replaceAll('[\\\\[|\\\\]|\\\\s]', '').split(',').toList(); for(i = 0; i < params.size(); i++) {result+=' * @param ' + params[i] + ((i < params.size() - 1) ? '\\n' : '')}; return result", methodParameters())

return:

groovyScript("def returnType = \"${_1}\"; def result ='';if(returnType=='null'||returnType=='void'){return;}else{result += '\\n * @return ' + returnType; return result;}", methodReturnType());

> 1.  效果图，在方法上面输入【/\*】，然后按【TAB】键即可

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L09uZV9MX1N0YXI_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 26][]

--------------------

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[image]: /images/20210920/9456e1cb5bfb4c879d19b9347761496d.png