python BitBlt PrintWindow 对整个桌面进行截图对后台运行应用界面进行截图

爱被打了一巴掌 2021-06-24 15:58 1005阅读 0赞

两份代码，自己组合下就能形成花式截图。

# 截图整个桌面
    import win32gui
    import win32ui
    import win32con
    import win32api
    
    # 获取桌面
    hdesktop = win32gui.GetDesktopWindow()
    
    # 分辨率适应
    width = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN)
    height = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN)
    left = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN)
    top = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN)
    # 参数定义：
    # SM_CXSCREEN = 0 'X Size of screen
    # SM_CYSCREEN = 1 'Y Size of Screen
    # SM_CXVSCROLL = 2 'X Size of arrow in vertical scroll bar.
    # SM_CYHSCROLL = 3 'Y Size of arrow in horizontal scroll bar
    # SM_CYCAPTION = 4 'Height of windows caption
    # SM_CXBORDER = 5 'Width of no-sizable borders
    # SM_CYBORDER = 6 'Height of non-sizable borders
    # SM_CXDLGFRAME = 7 'Width of dialog box borders
    # SM_CYDLGFRAME = 8 'Height of dialog box borders
    # SM_CYHTHUMB = 9 'Height of scroll box on horizontal scroll bar
    # SM_CXHTHUMB = 10 ' Width of scroll box on horizontal scroll bar
    # SM_CXICON = 11 'Width of standard icon
    # SM_CYICON = 12 'Height of standard icon
    # SM_CXCURSOR = 13 'Width of standard cursor
    # SM_CYCURSOR = 14 'Height of standard cursor
    # SM_CYMENU = 15 'Height of menu
    # SM_CXFULLSCREEN = 16 'Width of client area of maximized window
    # SM_CYFULLSCREEN = 17 'Height of client area of maximized window
    # SM_CYKANJIWINDOW = 18 'Height of Kanji window
    # SM_MOUSEPRESENT = 19 'True is a mouse is present
    # SM_CYVSCROLL = 20 'Height of arrow in vertical scroll bar
    # SM_CXHSCROLL = 21 'Width of arrow in vertical scroll bar
    # SM_DEBUG = 22 'True if deugging version of windows is running
    # SM_SWAPBUTTON = 23 'True if left and right buttons are swapped.
    # SM_CXMIN = 28 'Minimum width of window
    # SM_CYMIN = 29 'Minimum height of window
    # SM_CXSIZE = 30 'Width of title bar bitmaps
    # SM_CYSIZE = 31 'height of title bar bitmaps
    # SM_CXMINTRACK = 34 'Minimum tracking width of window
    # SM_CYMINTRACK = 35 'Minimum tracking height of window
    # SM_CXDOUBLECLK = 36 'double click width
    # SM_CYDOUBLECLK = 37 'double click height
    # SM_CXICONSPACING = 38 'width between desktop icons
    # SM_CYICONSPACING = 39 'height between desktop icons
    # SM_MENUDROPALIGNMENT = 40 'Zero if popup menus are aligned to the left of the memu bar item. True if it is aligned to the right.
    # SM_PENWINDOWS = 41 'The handle of the pen windows DLL if loaded.
    # SM_DBCSENABLED = 42 'True if double byte characteds are enabled
    # SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS = 43 'Number of mouse buttons.
    # SM_CMETRICS = 44 'Number of system metrics
    # SM_CLEANBOOT = 67 'Windows 95 boot mode. 0 = normal, 1 = safe, 2 = safe with network
    # SM_CXMAXIMIZED = 61 'default width of win95 maximised window
    # SM_CXMAXTRACK = 59 'maximum width when resizing win95 windows
    # SM_CXMENUCHECK = 71 'width of menu checkmark bitmap
    # SM_CXMENUSIZE = 54 'width of button on menu bar
    # SM_CXMINIMIZED = 57 'width of rectangle into which minimised windows must fit.
    # SM_CYMAXIMIZED = 62 'default height of win95 maximised window
    # SM_CYMAXTRACK = 60 'maximum width when resizing win95 windows
    # SM_CYMENUCHECK = 72 'height of menu checkmark bitmap
    # SM_CYMENUSIZE = 55 'height of button on menu bar
    # SM_CYMINIMIZED = 58 'height of rectangle into which minimised windows must fit.
    # SM_CYSMCAPTION = 51 'height of windows 95 small caption
    # SM_MIDEASTENABLED = 74 'Hebrw and Arabic enabled for windows 95
    # SM_NETWORK = 63 'bit o is set if a network is present.
    # SM_SECURE = 44 'True if security is present on windows 95 system
    # SM_SLOWMACHINE = 73 'true if machine is too slow to run win95.
    
    
    # 创建设备描述表
    desktop_dc = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hdesktop)
    img_dc = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(desktop_dc)
    
    # 创建一个内存设备描述表
    mem_dc = img_dc.CreateCompatibleDC()
    
    # 创建位图对象
    screenshot = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
    screenshot.CreateCompatibleBitmap(img_dc, width, height)
    mem_dc.SelectObject(screenshot)
    
    # 截图至内存设备描述表
    mem_dc.BitBlt((0, 0), (width, height), img_dc, (left, top), win32con.SRCCOPY)
    
    # 将截图保存到文件中
    screenshot.SaveBitmapFile(mem_dc, 'screenshot.bmp')
    
    # 内存释放
    mem_dc.DeleteDC()
    win32gui.DeleteObject(screenshot.GetHandle())

# 对后台应用程序截图，程序窗口可以被覆盖，但如果最小化后只能截取到标题栏、菜单栏等。
    import win32gui
    import win32ui
    import win32con
    from ctypes import windll
    from PIL import Image
    
    # 获取要截取窗口的句柄
    hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow("Afx:01370000:8:00010003:00000000:00200757", None)
    
    # 获取句柄窗口的大小信息
    # 可以通过修改该位置实现自定义大小截图
    left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetWindowRect(hwnd)
    w = right - left
    h = bot - top
    
    # 返回句柄窗口的设备环境、覆盖整个窗口，包括非客户区，标题栏，菜单，边框
    hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hwnd)
    
    # 创建设备描述表
    mfcDC  = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
    
    # 创建内存设备描述表
    saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
    
    # 创建位图对象
    saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
    saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
    saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
    
    # 截图至内存设备描述表
    img_dc = mfcDC
    mem_dc = saveDC
    mem_dc.BitBlt((0, 0), (w, h), img_dc, (100, 100), win32con.SRCCOPY)
    
    # 将截图保存到文件中
    saveBitMap.SaveBitmapFile(mem_dc, 'screenshot.bmp')
    
    
    # 改变下行决定是否截图整个窗口，可以自己测试下
    # result = windll.user32.PrintWindow(hwnd, saveDC.GetSafeHdc(), 1)
    result = windll.user32.PrintWindow(hwnd, saveDC.GetSafeHdc(), 0)
    print(result)
    
    # 获取位图信息
    bmpinfo = saveBitMap.GetInfo()
    bmpstr = saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True)
    # 生成图像
    im = Image.frombuffer(
        'RGB',
        (bmpinfo['bmWidth'], bmpinfo['bmHeight']),
        bmpstr, 'raw', 'BGRX', 0, 1)
    
    # 内存释放
    win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
    saveDC.DeleteDC()
    mfcDC.DeleteDC()
    win32gui.ReleaseDC(hwnd, hwndDC)
    
    # 存储截图
    if result == 1:
        #PrintWindow Succeeded
        im.save("test.png")
        im.show()

# PIL简单实现截图，只能截图最上层窗口
    from PIL import Image,ImageGrab
    bbox = (1085, 102, 1368, 373)
    img = ImageGrab.grab(bbox)
    # img = ImageGrab.grab()
    img.save("pixel.png")
    img.show()

# 图像存储：应用cv2
    signedIntsArray = saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True)
    img = np.fromstring(signedIntsArray, dtype='uint8')
    img.shape = (height,width,4)
    cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGRA2RGB)
    
    # 图像存储应用numpy
    bmInfo = saveBitMap.GetInfo()
    im = np.frombuffer(saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True), dtype = np.uint8)
    im.reshape(bmInfo['bmHeight'], bmInfo['bmWidth'], 4)[:, :, -2::-1]